{"id":2196,"date":"2023-10-16T08:05:28","date_gmt":"2023-10-16T08:05:28","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/millinews.az\/xeber\/tez-tez-burun-qanaxmasinin-s%C9%99b%C9%99bi-n%C9%99dir\/"},"modified":"2023-10-16T08:05:28","modified_gmt":"2023-10-16T08:05:28","slug":"tez-tez-burun-qanaxmasinin-s%C9%99b%C9%99bi-n%C9%99dir","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/millitv.net\/?p=2196","title":{"rendered":"Tez-tez burun qanaxmas\u0131n\u0131n s\u0259b\u0259bi n\u0259dir?"},"content":{"rendered":"

\n <\/p>\n

“Tez-tez burun qanaxmalar\u0131na s\u0259b\u0259b hipertoniya x\u0259st\u0259liyi, bir s\u0131ra qan x\u0259st\u0259likl\u0259ri, \u015f\u0259k\u0259rli diabet, xroniki b\u00f6yr\u0259k \u00e7at\u0131\u015fmazl\u0131\u011f\u0131, hamil\u0259lik, m\u00fcxt\u0259lif burun travmalar\u0131, kapilyarlar\u0131n angiopatiyas\u0131 s\u0259b\u0259b ola bil\u0259r”. <\/strong><\/p>\n

Millinews.az<\/a> x\u0259b\u0259r verir ki, bunu S\u0259hiyy\u0259 Nazirliyinin m\u00fct\u0259x\u0259ssis-eksperti, otorinolarinqoloq V\u0259fa P\u0259nahian nazirliyin r\u0259sm i sayt\u0131na m\u00fcsahib\u0259sind\u0259 deyib. \n<\/p>\n

– V\u0259fa m\u00fc\u0259llim, ilk \u00f6nc\u0259 bilm\u0259k ist\u0259rdik ki, qulaq infeksiyas\u0131n\u0131n yaranma s\u0259b\u0259bi v\u0259 \u0259lam\u0259tl\u0259rin\u0259 n\u0259l\u0259r daxildir?<\/strong><\/p>\n

– Qulaq xarici, orta v\u0259 daxili olmaqla 3 hiss\u0259d\u0259n ibar\u0259tdir. Qula\u011f\u0131n anatomik qurulu\u015funa g\u00f6r\u0259, infeksiyalar\u0131n yaranma s\u0259b\u0259bl\u0259ri v\u0259 yay\u0131lma yollar\u0131 m\u00fcxt\u0259lifdir. Bel\u0259 ki, qulaqda infeksiya 5 yolla yay\u0131la bil\u0259r: \n<\/p>\n

\u2022 Xarici qulaq ke\u00e7\u0259c\u0259yind\u0259n (transmeatal yol). Xarici v\u0259 orta qulaq aras\u0131nda yerl\u0259\u015f\u0259n t\u0259bil p\u0259rd\u0259si s\u0259rh\u0259d rolunu oynay\u0131r. T\u0259bil p\u0259rd\u0259sinin taml\u0131\u011f\u0131 pozulan zaman p\u0259rd\u0259d\u0259 perforasiya oldu\u011fu \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn, infeksiya xarici qulaqdan orta qula\u011fa yay\u0131la bil\u0259r. \n<\/p>\n

\u2022 Burun-udlaqdan e\u015fitm\u0259 borusu vasit\u0259si il\u0259 (rino-tubar yol). Orta qulaq Yevstax borusu adlanan e\u015fitm\u0259 borusu vasit\u0259si il\u0259 burun-udlaqla birl\u0259\u015fir. \u018fks\u0259r hallarda infeksiya qula\u011fa burundan yay\u0131l\u0131r. Burun m\u0259n\u015f\u0259li s\u0259b\u0259bl\u0259r\u0259 u\u015faqlarda adenoid, burun\u0259traf\u0131 cibl\u0259rin iltihab\u0131 x\u0259st\u0259likl\u0259ri (k\u0259skin v\u0259 xroniki sinusitl\u0259r), burun polipl\u0259ri, burun \u00e7\u0259p\u0259rinin \u0259yriliyi, rinitl\u0259r, xroniki tonzillit v\u0259 bir s\u0131ra dig\u0259r x\u0259st\u0259likl\u0259r aiddir. \n<\/p>\n

\u2022 Qanda olan infeksiya vasit\u0259si il\u0259 (hematogen yol); \n<\/p>\n

\u2022 Limfada d\u00f6vr ed\u0259n infeksiya vasit\u0259si il\u0259 (limfogen yol); \n<\/p>\n

\u2022 Travmatik yolla. Qula\u011f\u0131n a\u00e7\u0131q v\u0259 qapal\u0131 z\u0259d\u0259l\u0259nm\u0259si v\u0259 k\u0259ll\u0259-beyin travmalar\u0131 zaman\u0131 infeksiya qula\u011fa yay\u0131la bil\u0259r. \n<\/p>\n

– Doktor, burun t\u0259n\u0259ff\u00fcs\u00fcn\u00fcn \u00e7\u0259tinl\u0259\u015fm\u0259sinin hans\u0131 f\u0259sadlar\u0131 ola bil\u0259r?
\n<\/strong><\/p>\n

– Anatomik olaraq burun 3 hiss\u0259d\u0259n ibar\u0259tdir: xarici burun, burun bo\u015flu\u011fu v\u0259 burunun \u0259lav\u0259 cibl\u0259ri (burun\u0259traf\u0131 cibl\u0259r v\u0259 ya sinuslar). Burun v\u0259 burunun \u0259lav\u0259 cibl\u0259ri yuxar\u0131 t\u0259n\u0259ff\u00fcs yollar\u0131n\u0131n ba\u015flan\u011f\u0131c\u0131nda yerl\u0259\u015fir. Filogenetik olaraq burunun 3 funksiyas\u0131 var: t\u0259n\u0259ff\u00fcs, qoxu v\u0259 qoruyucu. Hava ax\u0131n\u0131 burun bo\u015flu\u011funa daxil olaraq \u00fc\u00e7 istiqam\u0259t\u0259 b\u00f6l\u00fcn\u00fcr: yuxar\u0131, orta v\u0259 a\u015fa\u011f\u0131. T\u0259zyiq il\u0259 burun bo\u015flu\u011funa daxil olan hava anatomik x\u00fcsusiyy\u0259tl\u0259r\u0259 uy\u011fun olaraq burun bo\u015flu\u011funda gecikir. Buruna daxil olan hava isidil\u0259r\u0259k n\u0259ml\u0259ndirilir. Bel\u0259likl\u0259, t\u0259rkibi t\u0259nziml\u0259n\u0259n hava burundan udla\u011fa, daha sonra is\u0259 q\u0131rtla\u011fa, traxeya, bronxlara v\u0259 a\u011fciy\u0259rl\u0259r\u0259 istiqam\u0259tl\u0259nir. Burun t\u0259n\u0259ff\u00fcs\u00fcn\u00fcn \u00e7\u0259tinl\u0259\u015fm\u0259si bir s\u0131ra f\u0259sadlara s\u0259b\u0259b ola bil\u0259r: \n<\/p>\n

\u2022 burun\u0259traf\u0131 cibl\u0259rin iltihab\u0131 x\u0259st\u0259likl\u0259rin\u0259 (sinusiltl\u0259r); \n<\/p>\n

\u2022 burun bal\u0131qqulaqlar\u0131n\u0131n x\u0259st\u0259likl\u0259rin\u0259 (rinitl\u0259r); \n<\/p>\n

\u2022 burun polipozuna; \n<\/p>\n

\u2022 udlaq x\u0259st\u0259likl\u0259rin\u0259 (faringitl\u0259r); \n<\/p>\n

\u2022 damaq badamc\u0131qlar\u0131n\u0131n x\u0259st\u0259likl\u0259rin\u0259 (tonzillit); \n<\/p>\n

\u2022 q\u0131rtlaq, traxeya v\u0259 bronxlar\u0131n x\u0259st\u0259likl\u0259rin\u0259 (larinqo-traxeo-bronxit); \n<\/p>\n

\u2022 e\u015fitm\u0259 borusunun x\u0259st\u0259liyin\u0259 (yevstaxiit, tubootit); \n<\/p>\n

– Adenoid \u0259m\u0259liyyat\u0131na n\u0259 vaxt q\u0259rar verilir?
\n<\/strong><\/p>\n

– \u018fks\u0259riyy\u0259ti yanl\u0131\u015f olaraq adenoidin burun bo\u015flu\u011funda yerl\u0259\u015fdiyini d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcr. Udlaq badamc\u0131\u011f\u0131 (III badamc\u0131q) v\u0259 ya adenoid udla\u011f\u0131n \u00fcst hiss\u0259sind\u0259, burun-udlaqda yerl\u0259\u015fir. Adenoid hipertrofiyas\u0131 (b\u00f6y\u00fcm\u0259si) 4 d\u0259r\u0259c\u0259d\u0259 olur. B\u00f6y\u00fcm\u0259 d\u0259r\u0259c\u0259sind\u0259n as\u0131l\u0131 olaraq yuxar\u0131 t\u0259n\u0259ff\u00fcs yollar\u0131nda a\u011f\u0131rla\u015fmalar \u00e7oxal\u0131r. \u0130lk olaraq burun t\u0259n\u0259ff\u00fcs\u00fcn\u00fcn \u00e7\u0259tinl\u0259\u015fm\u0259si, sonra is\u0259 tam tutulmas\u0131 m\u00fc\u015fahid\u0259 olunur. Buna s\u0259b\u0259b burun-udla\u011fa a\u00e7\u0131lan e\u015fitm\u0259 borusu kanal\u0131n\u0131n adenoid vegetasiyas\u0131 il\u0259 tutulmas\u0131d\u0131r. Adenoidin b\u00f6y\u00fcm\u0259si bir \u00e7ox hallarda k\u0259skin orta otit adlanan qula\u011f\u0131n iltihab\u0131 x\u0259st\u0259likl\u0259rin\u0259 s\u0259b\u0259b ola bil\u0259r. Adenoid vegetasiyas\u0131 burun t\u0259n\u0259ff\u00fcs\u00fcn\u00fc pozaraq m\u0259kt\u0259bya\u015fl\u0131 u\u015faqlarda di\u015fl\u0259rin, \u00e7\u0259n\u0259nin deformasiyas\u0131na v\u0259 bel\u0259likl\u0259 di\u015fl\u0259min pozulmas\u0131na s\u0259b\u0259b olur. \u0130ltihab\u0131 proses inki\u015faf etdikc\u0259 daxili orqanlarda xroniki bronxit kimi f\u0259sadlar yarada bil\u0259r. B\u00f6y\u00fckl\u0259rd\u0259 is\u0259 sinusit adlanan burun\u0259traf\u0131 cibl\u0259rin iltihab\u0131 x\u0259st\u0259likl\u0259ri m\u00fc\u015fahid\u0259 olunur. Ke\u00e7\u0259n \u0259srd\u0259 adenoid u\u015faqlara xas olan x\u0259st\u0259lik hesab edilirdi. Son zamanlar adenoid 30 v\u0259 h\u0259tta 40 ya\u015fdan yuxar\u0131 olan \u015f\u0259xsl\u0259rd\u0259 d\u0259 m\u00fc\u015fahid\u0259 olunur. \n<\/p>\n

1-ci d\u0259r\u0259c\u0259li adenoid vegetasiyas\u0131 burun t\u0259n\u0259ff\u00fcs\u00fcn\u00fcn \u00e7\u0259tinl\u0259\u015fm\u0259sin\u0259 v\u0259 dig\u0259r \u00fczvl\u0259r\u0259 c\u00fczi t\u0259sir g\u00f6st\u0259rir. Adenoid b\u00f6y\u00fcm\u0259sinin 2-ci d\u0259r\u0259c\u0259si burun t\u0259n\u0259ff\u00fcs\u00fcn\u00fcn \u00e7\u0259tinl\u0259\u015fm\u0259sin\u0259 s\u0259b\u0259b olur v\u0259 gec\u0259 vaxtlar\u0131nda daha \u00e7ox \u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fc bir\u00fcz\u0259 verir. 3-c\u00fc d\u0259r\u0259c\u0259li hipertrofiya burun t\u0259n\u0259ff\u00fcs\u00fcn c\u0259tinl\u0259\u015fm\u0259sin\u0259 v\u0259 dig\u0259r ciddi f\u0259sadlara s\u0259b\u0259b ola bil\u0259r. 4-c\u00fc d\u0259r\u0259c\u0259d\u0259 is\u0259 burun t\u0259n\u0259ff\u00fcs\u00fcn tam tutulmas\u0131 izl\u0259nilir v\u0259 \u0259traf \u00fczvl\u0259rd\u0259 yana\u015f\u0131 x\u0259st\u0259likl\u0259r m\u00fc\u015fahid\u0259 edilir. \n<\/p>\n

Bel\u0259likl\u0259, adenoid vegetasiyas\u0131n\u0131n 1-ci v\u0259 2-ci d\u0259r\u0259c\u0259l\u0259ri konservativ m\u00fcalic\u0259y\u0259 tabedir. 3-c\u00fc v\u0259 4-c\u00fc d\u0259r\u0259c\u0259l\u0259r is\u0259 konservativ m\u00fcalic\u0259y\u0259 tabe olmur v\u0259 yaln\u0131z c\u0259rrahi \u00fcsul il\u0259 m\u00fcalic\u0259 oluna bil\u0259r. Adenoid vegetasiyas\u0131n\u0131n c\u0259rrahi \u00fcsul il\u0259 m\u00fcalic\u0259si adenotomiya \u0259m\u0259liyyat\u0131 adlan\u0131r. \n<\/p>\n

– Tez-tez burun qanaxmas\u0131n\u0131n s\u0259b\u0259bi n\u0259dir?
\n<\/strong><\/p>\n

– Burun \u00e7\u0259p\u0259rinin \u00f6n hiss\u0259sind\u0259, gir\u0259c\u0259kd\u0259n t\u0259qrib\u0259n 1 sm arxada Kisselbax adl\u0131 k\u0259l\u0259f yerl\u0259\u015fir. Bu k\u0259l\u0259fd\u0259 5 damar\u0131n bir-biri il\u0259 birl\u0259\u015fm\u0259si qeyd edilir: \u00f6n x\u0259lbir, arxa x\u0259lbir, damaq-pazab\u0259nz\u0259r, b\u00f6y\u00fck damaq v\u0259 \u00fcst dodaq arteriyalar\u0131. Sadalanan damarlar nazik olur, s\u0259thi olaraq selikli qi\u015fan\u0131n alt\u0131nda yerl\u0259\u015fir v\u0259 90% hallarda qanaxmalar m\u0259hz burada m\u00fc\u015fahid\u0259 edilir. \n<\/p>\n

Tez-tez rast g\u0259lin\u0259n burun qanaxmalar\u0131n\u0131n bir ne\u00e7\u0259 s\u0259b\u0259bi var: \n<\/p>\n

\u2022 hipertoniya x\u0259st\u0259liyi; \n<\/p>\n

\u2022 bir s\u0131ra qan x\u0259st\u0259likl\u0259ri; \n<\/p>\n

\u2022 \u015f\u0259k\u0259rli diabet; \n<\/p>\n

\u2022 xroniki b\u00f6yr\u0259k \u00e7at\u0131\u015fmazl\u0131\u011f\u0131; \n<\/p>\n

\u2022 hamil\u0259lik; \n<\/p>\n

\u2022 m\u00fcxt\u0259lif burun travmalar\u0131; \n<\/p>\n

\u2022 kapilyarlar\u0131n angiopatiyas\u0131; \n<\/p>\n

– Qulaq cingild\u0259m\u0259yi n\u0259d\u0259n yarana bil\u0259r?<\/strong> \n<\/p>\n

– Qulaq \u2013 insan\u0131n e\u015fitm\u0259 v\u0259 m\u00fcvazin\u0259t orqan\u0131d\u0131r. B\u00fct\u00fcn informasiyalar\u0131 bu orqandan beyin\u0259 VIII c\u00fct sinir \u00f6t\u00fcr\u00fcr. S\u0259si n\u0259ql ed\u0259n v\u0259 ya q\u0259bul ed\u0259n aparat\u0131n pozulmas\u0131ndan as\u0131l\u0131 olaraq e\u015fitm\u0259 z\u0259ifliyi iki tipd\u0259 olur. Konduktiv tip – s\u0259ske\u00e7irm\u0259, sensonevral is\u0259 s\u0259s q\u0259bul ed\u0259n aparat\u0131n patologiyas\u0131d\u0131r. \n<\/p>\n

Daxili qulaqdan ba\u015flayaraq beyin qab\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n n\u00fcv\u0259l\u0259rind\u0259 bit\u0259n e\u015fitm\u0259 aparat\u0131 s\u0259s ke\u00e7irm\u0259 aparat\u0131 m\u00fcr\u0259kk\u0259b anatomik qurulu\u015fa malikdir. Bel\u0259 ki, s\u0259s dal\u011falar\u0131 s\u0259si ke\u00e7irm\u0259 aparat\u0131n\u0131 h\u0259r\u0259k\u0259t\u0259 g\u0259tirib ke\u00e7\u0259r\u0259k daxili qula\u011fa \u00e7at\u0131r v\u0259 s\u0259si q\u0259bul etm\u0259 funksiyas\u0131 proses\u0259 qo\u015fulur. \n<\/p>\n

Bu m\u00fcr\u0259kk\u0259b prosesin pozulmas\u0131 n\u0259tic\u0259sind\u0259 a\u011f\u0131re\u015fitm\u0259 il\u0259 b\u0259rab\u0259r qulaqlarda s\u0259s v\u0259 k\u00fcy \u0259m\u0259l\u0259 g\u0259lir. Bunlar m\u00fcxt\u0259lif cingiltil\u0259r formas\u0131nda olur v\u0259 bir s\u0131ra x\u0259st\u0259likl\u0259r zaman\u0131 m\u00fc\u015fahid\u0259 olur. Bu cingiltil\u0259r eyni zamanda s\u0259ske\u00e7irm\u0259 v\u0259 s\u0259s q\u0259bul etm\u0259 aparatlar\u0131n x\u0259st\u0259likl\u0259ri zaman\u0131 rast g\u0259linir: \n<\/p>\n

\u2022 sensonevral a\u011f\u0131re\u015fitm\u0259 v\u0259 karl\u0131q; \n<\/p>\n

\u2022 Menyer x\u0259st\u0259liyi; \n<\/p>\n

\u2022 otoskleroz; \n<\/p>\n

\u2022 adgeziv otit v\u0259 timpanoskleroz; \n<\/p>\n

\u2022 eksudativ otit; \n<\/p>\n

\u2022 k\u0259skin orta otit; \n<\/p>\n

\u2022 qulaq t\u0131xac\u0131. \n<\/p>\n

Qeyd etm\u0259k vacibdir ki, \u0259lav\u0259 s\u0259sl\u0259r qulaq x\u0259st\u0259likl\u0259rind\u0259n ba\u015fqa dig\u0259r patologiyalar zaman\u0131 da m\u00fc\u015fahid\u0259 olunur. M\u0259s\u0259l\u0259n, hipertoniya x\u0259st\u0259liyind\u0259, boyun f\u0259q\u0259r\u0259l\u0259rinin osteoxondrozu zaman\u0131, beyinin xo\u015f v\u0259 b\u0259d xass\u0259li x\u0259st\u0259likl\u0259ri, k\u0259ll\u0259-beyin travmalar\u0131ndan sonra. Sadalanan x\u0259st\u0259likl\u0259r zaman\u0131 cingiltiy\u0259 s\u0259b\u0259b innervasiyann v\u0259 qan t\u0259chizat\u0131n\u0131n pozulmas\u0131d\u0131r.
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