\u2013 Az\u0259r m\u00fc\u0259llim, ilk olaraq z\u0259lz\u0259l\u0259l\u0259rin tikilil\u0259r\u0259 v\u0259 insan h\u0259yat\u0131na t\u0259siri bar\u0259d\u0259 fikirl\u0259rinizi biziml\u0259 b\u00f6l\u00fc\u015fm\u0259nizi ist\u0259rdik\u2026<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n \u2013 Z\u0259lz\u0259l\u0259l\u0259rin tikilil\u0259r\u0259 v\u0259 insan h\u0259yat\u0131na t\u0259siri \u00e7ox m\u00fcr\u0259kk\u0259bdir. G\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczd\u0259 d\u00fcnyadak\u0131 m\u00f6vcud tikinti normalar\u0131na \u0259sas\u0259n, binalar z\u0259lz\u0259l\u0259y\u0259 qar\u015f\u0131 layih\u0259l\u0259ndiril\u0259rk\u0259n \u00fc\u00e7 \u0259sas amil n\u0259z\u0259r\u0259 al\u0131n\u0131r: binada ya\u015fayan insanlar\u0131n h\u0259yat\u0131, binan\u0131n iqtisadi d\u0259y\u0259ri v\u0259 binan\u0131n funksiyas\u0131. Ki\u00e7ik v\u0259 orta \u015fidd\u0259tli z\u0259lz\u0259l\u0259l\u0259r ba\u015f ver\u0259nd\u0259 bu amill\u0259rin binan\u0131n istismar m\u00fcdd\u0259tind\u0259 t\u0259min edil\u0259c\u0259yi v\u0259d edilir. Lakin b\u00f6y\u00fck z\u0259lz\u0259l\u0259l\u0259rd\u0259 yaln\u0131z insan h\u0259yat\u0131n\u0131n qorunaca\u011f\u0131 bildirilir. Bu zaman bina iqtisadi d\u0259y\u0259rini v\u0259 funksiyas\u0131n\u0131 itirir, insanlar is\u0259 h\u0259yatda qalmaqlar\u0131na minn\u0259tdar olaraq binan\u0131 t\u0259rk edirl\u0259r. Bina istismara yarars\u0131z olur v\u0259 yenid\u0259n in\u015fa edilir. Bel\u0259likl\u0259, b\u00f6y\u00fck z\u0259lz\u0259l\u0259l\u0259rd\u0259n sonra insanlar\u0131n, \u015f\u0259h\u0259r v\u0259 \u00f6lk\u0259nin i\u015f davaml\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 v\u0259 dayan\u0131ql\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 itirilir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u2013 Sizc\u0259, z\u0259lz\u0259l\u0259 riski y\u00fcks\u0259k olan b\u00f6lg\u0259l\u0259rd\u0259 tikinti normalar\u0131na nec\u0259 yana\u015f\u0131lmal\u0131d\u0131r?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n \u2013 \u018flb\u0259tt\u0259 ki, \u0259n ciddi \u015f\u0259kild\u0259 \u0259m\u0259l olunmal\u0131, y\u00fcks\u0259k keyfiyy\u0259tli materiallardan istifad\u0259 edilm\u0259li v\u0259 layih\u0259l\u0259r pe\u015f\u0259kar m\u00fch\u0259ndisl\u0259r t\u0259r\u0259find\u0259n haz\u0131rlanmal\u0131d\u0131r. Tikinti ba\u015flamazdan \u0259vv\u0259l \u0259razinin seysmik riski geoloji t\u0259dqiqatlarla qiym\u0259tl\u0259ndirilm\u0259li, m\u00fcasir texnologiyalar t\u0259tbiq olunmal\u0131 v\u0259 keyfiyy\u0259t\u0259 daim n\u0259zar\u0259t edilm\u0259lidir. Az\u0259rbaycan d\u00fcnyada ikinci seysmik aktivlik zonas\u0131nda yerl\u0259\u015fir v\u0259 \u0259razisi y\u00fcks\u0259k seysmik risk alt\u0131ndad\u0131r. B\u00f6lg\u0259l\u0259rimizd\u0259 z\u0259lz\u0259l\u0259 riski d\u0259r\u0259c\u0259sind\u0259n as\u0131l\u0131 olmayaraq tikinti normalar\u0131na riay\u0259t olunmas\u0131 vacib amildir v\u0259 buna Tikintid\u0259 T\u0259hl\u00fck\u0259sizliy\u0259 N\u0259zar\u0259t D\u00f6vl\u0259t Agentliyi t\u0259r\u0259find\u0259n n\u0259zar\u0259t olunur. M\u0259s\u0259l\u0259n, tikinti normalar\u0131na riay\u0259t olunmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 t\u0259qdird\u0259 \u00f6lk\u0259 s\u0259rh\u0259dl\u0259ri xaricind\u0259 ba\u015f ver\u0259n uzun periodlu z\u0259lz\u0259l\u0259l\u0259rin t\u0259sirind\u0259n z\u0259lz\u0259l\u0259 riski az olan b\u00f6lg\u0259l\u0259rd\u0259 d\u0259 tikilil\u0259r z\u0259r\u0259r g\u00f6r\u0259 bil\u0259r. Bu m\u0259qamlar bizd\u0259n tikinti normalar\u0131na daha m\u0259suliyy\u0259tl\u0259 yana\u015fma\u011f\u0131 t\u0259l\u0259b edir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u2013 T\u00fcrkiy\u0259d\u0259 ba\u015f ver\u0259n 2023-c\u00fc il z\u0259lz\u0259l\u0259si m\u00fch\u0259ndislik yana\u015fmalar\u0131 bax\u0131m\u0131ndan biz\u0259 hans\u0131 d\u0259rsl\u0259ri \u00f6yr\u0259tdi?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n \u2013 H\u0259r bir z\u0259lz\u0259l\u0259 ondan \u0259vv\u0259lki z\u0259lz\u0259l\u0259l\u0259rd\u0259 rastlanmayan \u0259n az\u0131 bir yeni x\u00fcsusiyy\u0259tl\u0259 qar\u015f\u0131m\u0131za \u00e7\u0131x\u0131r. Biz d\u0259 bu yeni x\u00fcsusiyy\u0259t\u0259 qar\u015f\u0131 qur\u011fular\u0131n m\u00fcqavim\u0259tini saxlamaq \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn ara\u015fd\u0131rmalar apar\u0131r v\u0259 \u0259ld\u0259 etdiyimiz m\u00fch\u0259ndislik t\u0259dbirl\u0259rinin n\u00f6vb\u0259ti in\u015fa edil\u0259c\u0259k qur\u011fular\u0131n layih\u0259l\u0259ndirilm\u0259sind\u0259 t\u0259tbiqini t\u0259klif edirik. T\u00fcrkiy\u0259 d\u0259 Az\u0259rbaycan kimi d\u00fcnyan\u0131n ikinci seysmik aktivlik zonas\u0131ndad\u0131r. Maqnitudas\u0131 6-dan b\u00f6y\u00fck olan z\u0259lz\u0259l\u0259l\u0259rin 10,5%-i bu zonada ba\u015f verir. Ke\u00e7mi\u015f z\u0259lz\u0259l\u0259l\u0259rin statistik m\u0259lumatlar\u0131na \u0259saslansaq, orta hesabla T\u00fcrkiy\u0259d\u0259 h\u0259r 7 ild\u0259n bir da\u011f\u0131d\u0131c\u0131 z\u0259lz\u0259l\u0259 ba\u015f verir. Bu da\u011f\u0131d\u0131c\u0131 z\u0259lz\u0259l\u0259l\u0259rd\u0259n biri d\u0259 6 fevral 2023-c\u00fc il saat 04:17-d\u0259 ba\u015f verdi. Z\u0259lz\u0259l\u0259nin episentri Kahramanmara\u015f \u015f\u0259h\u0259rinin Pazarc\u0131k rayonunda, yerin 8,6 km d\u0259rinliyind\u0259 yerl\u0259\u015firdi. 75 saniy\u0259 m\u00fcdd\u0259tind\u0259 ba\u015f ver\u0259n 7,7 maqnitudal\u0131 z\u0259lz\u0259l\u0259d\u0259n t\u0259xmin\u0259n 9 saat sonra, saat 13:24-d\u0259 ondan 95 km uzaql\u0131qda, eyni \u015f\u0259h\u0259rin Elbistan rayonunda 7,6 km d\u0259rinliyind\u0259 50 saniy\u0259 m\u00fcdd\u0259tind\u0259 ba\u015f ver\u0259n ikinci z\u0259lz\u0259l\u0259 ba\u015f verdi. Onun magnitudas\u0131 is\u0259 7,6 olub. Bir ay \u0259rzind\u0259 h\u0259min \u0259razil\u0259rd\u0259 minl\u0259rl\u0259 after\u015foklar \u2013 magnitudas\u0131 7,6-dan \u0259n az bir vahid (7,6-1=6,6) ki\u00e7ik t\u0259kanlar qeyd\u0259 al\u0131nd\u0131. Bunlardan 3-n\u00fcn magnitudas\u0131 6, 44-n\u00fcn 5, 510-nun magnitudas\u0131 is\u0259 4 olan z\u0259lz\u0259l\u0259l\u0259rdir. Bu z\u0259lz\u0259l\u0259l\u0259r n\u0259tic\u0259sind\u0259 T\u00fcrkiy\u0259nin 83 vilay\u0259tind\u0259n 11 vilay\u0259td\u0259 t\u0259xmin\u0259n 225000 bina da\u011f\u0131l\u0131b, 50000 insan h\u0259yat\u0131n\u0131 itirib v\u0259 107000 insan yaralan\u0131b. Buna baxmayaraq h\u0259min b\u00f6lg\u0259d\u0259ki izolyatorlu x\u0259st\u0259xanalar \u00f6z performans\u0131n\u0131 saxlayaraq f\u0259aliyy\u0259tini davam etdirib. D\u00fcnyada 7-7,9 maqnitudada z\u0259lz\u0259l\u0259l\u0259rin illik ortalama say\u0131 18-dir. Qeyd edim ki, iki n\u00f6qt\u0259d\u0259n yay\u0131lan z\u0259lz\u0259l\u0259 dal\u011falar\u0131n\u0131n interferensiyas\u0131, qrunt \u015f\u0259rtl\u0259ri v\u0259 dig\u0259r faktorlar z\u0259lz\u0259l\u0259nin t\u0259sirini h\u0259min \u0259razil\u0259rd\u0259 daha da g\u00fccl\u0259ndirib.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Bel\u0259likl\u0259, z\u0259lz\u0259l\u0259 b\u00f6lg\u0259sind\u0259 apar\u0131lan ara\u015fd\u0131rmalar qurumlar\u0131n bir \u00e7ox m\u0259qamlar\u0131 g\u00f6zd\u0259n ke\u00e7irm\u0259yini \u015f\u0259rtl\u0259ndirdi. Bunlar aras\u0131nda \u0259n vacibl\u0259rini sadalamaq ist\u0259rdim. \u0130lk olaraq istismar m\u00fcdd\u0259ti bitmi\u015f binalar\u0131 vaxt\u0131nda yenid\u0259nqurma layih\u0259l\u0259ri il\u0259 yenil\u0259m\u0259k vacibdir, in\u015faat normalar\u0131na cavab verm\u0259y\u0259n binalar m\u00fct\u0259madi olaraq g\u00fccl\u0259ndirilm\u0259li, eyni zamanda izolyasiya edilmi\u015f binan\u0131n \u0259traf\u0131ndak\u0131 seysmik bo\u015fluqlar\u0131n doldurulmamas\u0131 v\u0259 ya ba\u011flanmamas\u0131na x\u00fcsusi diqq\u0259t yetirilm\u0259lidir. Z\u0259lz\u0259l\u0259d\u0259n sonra fasil\u0259siz xidm\u0259t \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn seysmik izolyasiya olunmu\u015f x\u0259st\u0259xanan\u0131n izolyasiya m\u0259rt\u0259b\u0259sind\u0259 elektrik \u015f\u0259b\u0259k\u0259si, santexnika, havaland\u0131rma v\u0259 dig\u0259r sisteml\u0259rin m\u00fcvafiq normalara uy\u011fun h\u0259r\u0259k\u0259tinin davaml\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 t\u0259min olunmaqla layih\u0259l\u0259ndirilm\u0259lidir. X\u00fcsus\u0259n, strateji \u0259h\u0259miyy\u0259tli bina v\u0259 qur\u011fular\u0131n sa\u011flaml\u0131\u011f\u0131 davaml\u0131 olaraq izl\u0259nm\u0259li, monitorinq edilm\u0259lidir. Biz strateji \u0259h\u0259miyy\u0259tli bina v\u0259 qur\u011fular dedikd\u0259 d\u00f6vl\u0259t v\u0259 c\u0259miyy\u0259tin t\u0259hl\u00fck\u0259sizliyi, iqtisadiyyat\u0131 v\u0259 idar\u0259etm\u0259si \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn vacib olan obyektl\u0259ri n\u0259z\u0259rd\u0259 tuturuq. Bunlara y\u00fcks\u0259km\u0259rt\u0259b\u0259li binalar, unikal bina v\u0259 qur\u011fular, s\u0259hiyy\u0259 obyektl\u0259ri (h\u00fcnd\u00fcr m\u0259rt\u0259b\u0259li x\u0259st\u0259xanalar), enerji infrastrukturu (neft qaz platformalar\u0131, zavodlar v\u0259 elektrik stansiyalar\u0131), n\u0259qliyyat infrastrukturlar\u0131 (k\u00f6rp\u00fcl\u0259r, hava limanlar\u0131, d\u0259niz limanlar\u0131, yollar), rabit\u0259 qur\u011fular\u0131 (telekommunikasiya q\u00fcll\u0259l\u0259ri v\u0259 data m\u0259rk\u0259zl\u0259ri), idar\u0259etm\u0259 binalar\u0131 (prezident saray\u0131, parlament, nazirlikl\u0259r, m\u0259hk\u0259m\u0259l\u0259r), h\u0259rbi obyektl\u0259r (h\u0259rbi bazalar, radarlar, silah anbarlar\u0131), maliyy\u0259 qurumlar\u0131 (M\u0259rk\u0259zi bank, birjalar), su infrastrukturu (su anbarlar\u0131, t\u0259mizl\u0259m\u0259 qur\u011fular\u0131) misal g\u0259tiril\u0259 bil\u0259r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Yuxar\u0131dak\u0131 t\u0259klifl\u0259rin effektivliyini d\u00fcnyan\u0131n birinci z\u0259lz\u0259l\u0259 zonas\u0131ndak\u0131 z\u0259lz\u0259l\u0259 z\u0259r\u0259rl\u0259ri v\u0259 bu b\u00f6lg\u0259d\u0259ki izolyatorlu binalar\u0131n performans\u0131 il\u0259 m\u00fcqayis\u0259 etm\u0259k \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn 11 mart 2011-ci il, yerli vaxtla saat 14:46-da Yaponiyan\u0131n O\u015fika yar\u0131madas\u0131n\u0131n 72 km \u015f\u0259rqind\u0259, 29 km d\u0259rinlikd\u0259, 6 d\u0259qiq\u0259 m\u00fcdd\u0259tind\u0259 davam etmi\u015f, 9.1 maqnitudada olan z\u0259lz\u0259l\u0259 il\u0259 \u0259laq\u0259l\u0259ndir\u0259 bil\u0259rik. Z\u0259lz\u0259l\u0259d\u0259n sonra 129426 bina tamamil\u0259 da\u011f\u0131l\u0131b, 265240 bina qism\u0259n da\u011f\u0131l\u0131b, 727054 bina is\u0259 qism\u0259n z\u0259r\u0259r g\u00f6r\u00fcb. Onu da deyim ki, d\u00fcnyada 8 baldan b\u00f6y\u00fck z\u0259lz\u0259l\u0259l\u0259rin illik ortalama say\u0131 1-dir. Z\u0259lz\u0259l\u0259d\u0259n sonra Yaponiyada 327 \u0259d\u0259d izolyasiya edilmi\u015f bina v\u0259 130 \u0259d\u0259d vibrasiyaya n\u0259zar\u0259t sistemi olan binan\u0131n z\u0259d\u0259l\u0259nm\u0259si v\u0259 performans\u0131 il\u0259 ba\u011fl\u0131 qurumlar ara\u015fd\u0131rmalar apar\u0131b. N\u0259tic\u0259 etibar\u0131 il\u0259 Tokio metropolitenind\u0259ki h\u00fcnd\u00fcr m\u0259rt\u0259b\u0259li d\u0259mir-beton binalar\u0131nda qura\u015fd\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015f seysmik m\u00fchafiz\u0259 cihazlar\u0131 kifay\u0259t q\u0259d\u0259r yax\u015f\u0131 performans g\u00f6st\u0259rib, lakin onlar 6 d\u0259qiq\u0259d\u0259n \u00e7ox \u00e7\u0259k\u0259n uzunm\u00fcdd\u0259tli v\u0259 uzun periodlu h\u0259r\u0259k\u0259tl\u0259rd\u0259n t\u0259sirl\u0259nibl\u0259r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u2013 Bu d\u0259rsl\u0259rin verdiyi t\u0259cr\u00fcb\u0259d\u0259n faydalanaraq AzM\u0130U olaraq hans\u0131 yeni yana\u015fmalar t\u0259klif edirsiniz?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n \u2013 D\u00fcnyam\u0131zda ba\u015f ver\u0259n z\u0259lz\u0259l\u0259l\u0259r fonunda bel\u0259 hallarla qar\u015f\u0131la\u015fmamaq \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn layih\u0259l\u0259ndirm\u0259d\u0259 \u0259laq\u0259li normalara riay\u0259t olunmas\u0131 vacib amill\u0259rd\u0259ndir. Buna g\u00f6r\u0259 layih\u0259l\u0259ndirilmi\u015f binalar\u0131n tikintisind\u0259 layih\u0259y\u0259 uy\u011funlu\u011funa n\u0259zar\u0259t ed\u0259n orqanlar\u0131n m\u00fcst\u0259qil olmas\u0131n\u0131 t\u0259min etm\u0259k vacibdir. Paralel olaraq h\u0259r be\u015f ild\u0259n bir \u0259laq\u0259li normalar\u0131n yenil\u0259nm\u0259si h\u0259yata ke\u00e7irilm\u0259lidir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u2013 Az\u0259rbaycan\u0131n z\u0259lz\u0259l\u0259 riski da\u015f\u0131yan bir b\u00f6lg\u0259d\u0259 yerl\u0259\u015fm\u0259si n\u0259z\u0259r\u0259 al\u0131naraq m\u00f6vcud tikilil\u0259rin dayan\u0131ql\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 bar\u0259d\u0259 n\u0259 dey\u0259 bil\u0259rsiniz?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n \u2013 \u00d6lk\u0259mizin z\u0259lz\u0259l\u0259 riski da\u015f\u0131yan b\u00f6lg\u0259d\u0259 yerl\u0259\u015fm\u0259si n\u0259z\u0259r\u0259 al\u0131nd\u0131qda, m\u00f6vcud tikilil\u0259rin dayan\u0131ql\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 m\u00fcxt\u0259lif d\u00f6vrl\u0259rd\u0259 t\u0259tbiq edil\u0259n tikinti metodlar\u0131na \u0259saslan\u0131r. Az\u0259rbaycanda m\u00f6vcud binalar h\u0259m tikinti d\u00f6vrl\u0259rin\u0259, h\u0259m d\u0259 konstruktiv x\u00fcsusiyy\u0259tl\u0259rin\u0259 g\u00f6r\u0259 f\u0259rql\u0259nir v\u0259 onun t\u0259snifat\u0131n\u0131 aparsaq, ilk olaraq 1500-1920-ci, ill\u0259r\u0259 aid bina konstruksiyalar\u0131 a\u011fla g\u0259lir. Orta \u0259srl\u0259r v\u0259 XIX \u0259srin sonu XX \u0259srin \u0259vv\u0259ll\u0259rind\u0259 in\u015fa edil\u0259n binalar \u0259h\u0259ng da\u015f\u0131 s\u00fcxurlar\u0131ndan yonulmu\u015f da\u015flarla ucald\u0131l\u0131b. Orta \u0259srl\u0259r\u0259 m\u0259xsus binalar bir-iki m\u0259rt\u0259b\u0259li, XIX \u0259srin sonu XX \u0259srin \u0259vv\u0259ll\u0259rin\u0259 aid binalar is\u0259 \u00fc\u00e7-d\u00f6rd m\u0259rt\u0259b\u0259li tikilib. \u00c7ox nadir hallarda be\u015f-alt\u0131 m\u0259rt\u0259b\u0259li binalara da rast g\u0259linir, m\u0259rt\u0259b\u0259l\u0259rin h\u00fcnd\u00fcrl\u00fcy\u00fc 3,5-4,5 m aras\u0131nda d\u0259yi\u015fir, h\u00f6rg\u00fc m\u0259hlulu kimi \u0259h\u0259ng m\u0259hlulundan istifad\u0259 olunub.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Sovet d\u00f6vr\u00fcn\u0259 aid bina konstruksiyalar\u0131 is\u0259 iki m\u0259rh\u0259l\u0259d\u0259 t\u0259hlil edilir: 1920-1950-ci ill\u0259r v\u0259 1950-1990-c\u0131 ill\u0259r. Birinci m\u0259rh\u0259l\u0259 hesab olunan 1920-1950-ci ill\u0259ri \u0259hat\u0259 ed\u0259n binalar, \u0259sas\u0259n, da\u015f binalar idi. Bu ill\u0259rd\u0259 binalar\u0131n z\u0259lz\u0259l\u0259y\u0259 davaml\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131na az \u00f6n\u0259m verilib. \u0130kinci m\u0259rh\u0259l\u0259 is\u0259 1950-1990-c\u0131 ill\u0259rd\u0259, x\u00fcsusil\u0259 ulu \u00f6nd\u0259r Heyd\u0259r \u018fliyevin \u00f6lk\u0259miz\u0259 r\u0259hb\u0259rlik etdiyi ill\u0259rd\u0259 binalar\u0131n z\u0259lz\u0259l\u0259y\u0259 davaml\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 m\u0259s\u0259l\u0259si \u00f6n plana \u00e7\u0259kilib. S\u0259b\u0259b is\u0259 1948 v\u0259 1966-c\u0131 ill\u0259rd\u0259 A\u015fqabad v\u0259 Da\u015fk\u0259nd z\u0259lz\u0259l\u0259l\u0259ri olub. Qeyd etdiyim m\u0259rh\u0259l\u0259d\u0259, Ulu \u00d6nd\u0259rin diqq\u0259ti v\u0259 x\u00fcsusi tap\u015f\u0131r\u0131qlar\u0131 il\u0259 ist\u0259r da\u015f binalar\u0131n, ist\u0259rs\u0259 d\u0259 d\u0259mir-beton v\u0259 metal konstruksiyalar\u0131ndan in\u015fa olunmu\u015f binalar\u0131n z\u0259lz\u0259l\u0259y\u0259 davaml\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 elmi \u015f\u0259kild\u0259 \u00f6yr\u0259nildi v\u0259 t\u0259tbiq edildi. 1988-ci ild\u0259 Q\u0259rbi Az\u0259rbaycanda ba\u015f ver\u0259n da\u011f\u0131d\u0131c\u0131 z\u0259lz\u0259l\u0259d\u0259n sonra Az\u0259rbaycan h\u00f6kum\u0259tinin q\u0259rar\u0131 il\u0259 z\u0259lz\u0259l\u0259 b\u00f6lg\u0259l\u0259rind\u0259 z\u0259lz\u0259l\u0259 \u015fidd\u0259ti 1 bal art\u0131r\u0131ld\u0131. Bel\u0259 q\u0259bul olundu ki, \u0259g\u0259r \u0259razi 6 ball\u0131qd\u0131rsa, g\u0259r\u0259k hesablamalar 7 bala uy\u011fun apar\u0131ls\u0131n ki, z\u0259lz\u0259l\u0259 b\u00f6lg\u0259sind\u0259 olan tikili \u00f6z dayan\u0131ql\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 saxlaya bilsin.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Sovet d\u00f6vr\u00fcnd\u0259 tikil\u0259n \u0259sas bina konstruksiya n\u00f6vl\u0259rin\u0259 da\u015f, iri panelli demir-beton, y\u0131\u011fma karkas konstruksiyal\u0131 d\u0259mir-beton, s\u0259naye, monolit d\u0259mir-beton binalar aiddir. Az\u0259rbaycanda Sovet d\u00f6vr\u00fcnd\u0259 binalar\u0131n konstruksiya n\u00f6vl\u0259rin\u0259 g\u00f6r\u0259 faiz nisb\u0259tl\u0259ri t\u0259xmin\u0259n 45% iripanelli d\u0259mir-beton binalar, 25% y\u0131\u011fma karkas konstruksiyal\u0131 d\u0259mir-beton binalar, 25% da\u015f binalar, 5% monolit d\u0259mir-beton binalard\u0131r. Bak\u0131da bu d\u00f6vrd\u0259 d\u0259mir-beton konstruksiya elementl\u0259ri t\u0259xmin\u0259n 6-dan \u00e7ox d\u0259mir-beton v\u0259 ev tikm\u0259 kombinatlar\u0131nda istehsal olunurdu. Bu yana\u015fma bina konstruksiyas\u0131 elementl\u0259rinin istehsal texnologiyas\u0131na n\u0259zar\u0259ti saxlamaqla maksimum m\u00fcqavim\u0259tin \u0259ld\u0259 edilm\u0259sini t\u0259min edirdi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n 1992-ci ild\u0259n bu g\u00fcn\u0259 q\u0259d\u0259r tikil\u0259n binalar is\u0259 a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131ql\u0131 olaraq yerind\u0259 t\u00f6km\u0259 d\u0259mir-beton konstruksiyalard\u0131r. \u018flb\u0259tt\u0259, bu konstruksiyalarda konstruksiya elementl\u0259rinin m\u00fcqavim\u0259ti, d\u0259mir-beton v\u0259 ev tikm\u0259 kombinatlar\u0131nda istehsal olunan konstruksiya elementl\u0259rinin m\u00fcqavim\u0259tind\u0259n a\u015fa\u011f\u0131d\u0131r v\u0259 istehsal texnologiyas\u0131na n\u0259zar\u0259t bir qiym\u0259tli deyil. M\u00fcasir d\u00f6vrd\u0259 tikilmi\u015f binalar\u0131n m\u0259rt\u0259b\u0259 say\u0131na g\u00f6r\u0259 faiz nisb\u0259tini qeyd ets\u0259k t\u0259xmini r\u0259q\u0259ml\u0259r bel\u0259dir. 30% az m\u0259rt\u0259b\u0259li (1-3); 17% \u00e7ox m\u0259rt\u0259b\u0259li (4-8); 45% uca (9-25); 8% \u00e7ox uca (25 v\u0259 daha) binalard\u0131r. Burada t\u0259qdim etdiyim Az\u0259rbaycanda binalar\u0131n dayan\u0131ql\u0131l\u0131q v\u0259ziyy\u0259ti respublikadak\u0131 2000-ci il noyabr\u0131n 25-d\u0259, 21:30 rad\u0259l\u0259rind\u0259 Bak\u0131dan 50 km m\u0259saf\u0259d\u0259 d\u0259nizd\u0259, d\u0259rinliyi 12 km olan 6.8 maqnitudal\u0131 z\u0259lz\u0259l\u0259nin n\u0259tic\u0259l\u0259rin\u0259 \u0259saslanm\u0131\u015fd\u0131r. Bu z\u0259lz\u0259l\u0259d\u0259 \u00f6lk\u0259 \u00fczr\u0259 7350 bina m\u00fcxt\u0259lif d\u0259r\u0259c\u0259l\u0259rd\u0259 z\u0259d\u0259l\u0259nib, onlardan 36-s\u0131 tamamil\u0259 da\u011f\u0131l\u0131b. Da\u011f\u0131lan binalar aras\u0131nda 34 ya\u015fay\u0131\u015f evi, 1 m\u0259kt\u0259b v\u0259 bir m\u0259d\u0259niyy\u0259t idar\u0259sinin binas\u0131 var idi. \u00dcmumiyy\u0259tl\u0259, ba\u015f vermi\u015f z\u0259lz\u0259l\u0259d\u0259n Az\u0259rbaycan respublikas\u0131na 21.66 milyon AB\u015e dollar\u0131 h\u0259cmind\u0259 ziyan d\u0259yib. Z\u0259d\u0259l\u0259n\u0259n 7350 binan\u0131n 70%-i da\u015f, 25%-i iripanelli d\u0259mir-beton, 5% is\u0259 karkas konstruksiyal\u0131 d\u0259mir-beton bina olub.<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u2013 Az\u0259r m\u00fc\u0259llim, AzM\u0130U qeyd olunan riskl\u0259ri azaltmaq \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn tikinti normalar\u0131nda x\u00fcsusi t\u0259limatlar v\u0259 metodlar t\u0259klif edirmi? <\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n \u2013 2009-cu ild\u0259 D\u00f6vl\u0259t \u015e\u0259h\u0259rsalma v\u0259 Memarl\u0131q Komit\u0259si n\u0259zdind\u0259ki \u0130n\u015faat v\u0259 Memarl\u0131q Elmi-T\u0259dqiqat \u0130nstitutu t\u0259r\u0259find\u0259n haz\u0131rlanm\u0131\u015f \u201c\u018flaq\u0259li Seysmik Rayonlar \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn Tikinti Normalar\u0131\u201d z\u0259lz\u0259l\u0259y\u0259 davaml\u0131 binalar\u0131n layih\u0259l\u0259ndirilm\u0259si \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn \u0259sas qaydalar\u0131 m\u00fc\u0259yy\u0259n etdi. Bu normalar, dig\u0259r \u00f6lk\u0259l\u0259rd\u0259n f\u0259rqli olaraq, z\u0259lz\u0259l\u0259 b\u00f6lg\u0259l\u0259ri x\u0259rit\u0259sini MKS-64 z\u0259lz\u0259l\u0259 intensivliyi c\u0259dv\u0259lin\u0259 \u0259saslanaraq haz\u0131rlanm\u0131\u015fd\u0131. Bug\u00fcnk\u00fc g\u00fcnd\u0259 norma birba\u015fa performans \u0259sas\u0131nda layih\u0259l\u0259ndirm\u0259 metodunu \u0259hat\u0259 etmir. Bu normalarda seysmik q\u00fcvv\u0259t dig\u0259r \u0259laq\u0259li normalara nisb\u0259t\u0259n ortalama 2-4 d\u0259f\u0259 daha y\u00fcks\u0259k m\u00fc\u0259yy\u0259n edilib v\u0259 ehtiyat \u0259msal\u0131 olduqca b\u00f6y\u00fckd\u00fcr. Buna g\u00f6r\u0259 bu norman\u0131n (AZDTN 2.3-1) yenil\u0259nm\u0259si vacibdir. Bu d\u0259yi\u015fiklik, binalar\u0131n seysmik dayan\u0131ql\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 art\u0131rmaq v\u0259 z\u0259lz\u0259l\u0259 n\u0259tic\u0259sind\u0259 yaranan riskl\u0259ri daha da azaltmaq m\u0259qs\u0259dini g\u00fcd\u00fcr. Universitetimizin t\u0259klif etdiyi metodlar v\u0259 t\u0259limatlar bu norman\u0131n t\u0259kmill\u0259\u015fdirilm\u0259si il\u0259 yana\u015f\u0131, z\u0259lz\u0259l\u0259y\u0259 davaml\u0131 tikinti v\u0259 m\u00fcasir layih\u0259l\u0259ndirm\u0259 yana\u015fmalar\u0131n\u0131 t\u0259\u015fviq etm\u0259y\u0259 y\u00f6n\u0259lib.<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u2013 AzM\u0130U-nun Z\u0259lz\u0259l\u0259 m\u00fch\u0259ndisliyi Elmi-T\u0259dqiqat M\u0259rk\u0259zi (ZMETM) bu sah\u0259d\u0259 hans\u0131 \u0259sas t\u0259dqiqatlar\u0131 h\u0259yata ke\u00e7irir? <\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n \u2013 AzM\u0130U-nun Z\u0259lz\u0259l\u0259 M\u00fch\u0259ndisliyi Elmi-T\u0259dqiqat M\u0259rk\u0259zi (ZMETM) bu sah\u0259d\u0259 m\u00fcxt\u0259lif m\u00fch\u00fcm t\u0259dqiqatlar h\u0259yata ke\u00e7irir. M\u0259rk\u0259zin \u0259sas h\u0259d\u0259fi, z\u0259lz\u0259l\u0259l\u0259r\u0259 qar\u015f\u0131 tikilil\u0259rin dayan\u0131ql\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 art\u0131rmaq v\u0259 \u015f\u0259h\u0259rl\u0259rin t\u0259hl\u00fck\u0259sizliyini t\u0259min etm\u0259kdir. G\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczd\u0259 d\u00fcnya \u00fczr\u0259 z\u0259lz\u0259l\u0259 b\u00f6lg\u0259l\u0259rind\u0259 tikinti normalar\u0131n\u0131n \u0259sas layih\u0259l\u0259ndirm\u0259 f\u0259ls\u0259f\u0259si, b\u00f6y\u00fck z\u0259lz\u0259l\u0259l\u0259rd\u0259n sonra binalar\u0131n funksional itkisini v\u0259 z\u0259r\u0259rini n\u0259z\u0259r\u0259 alaraq insanlar\u0131n h\u0259yat\u0131n\u0131 qorumaq m\u0259qs\u0259dini g\u00fcd\u00fcr. B\u00f6y\u00fck z\u0259lz\u0259l\u0259y\u0259 qar\u015f\u0131 \u015f\u0259h\u0259ri t\u0259hl\u00fck\u0259siz v\u0259 dayan\u0131ql\u0131 hala g\u0259tirm\u0259k, \u015f\u0259h\u0259r v\u0259 \u00f6lk\u0259nin i\u015f davaml\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 t\u0259min etm\u0259k, \u0259vv\u0259lkind\u0259n daha y\u00fcks\u0259k seysmik performansa v\u0259 strukturlara malik binalar in\u015fa etm\u0259k vacibdir. M\u00fcasir d\u00f6vr\u00fcm\u00fczd\u0259 seysmik izolyasiya v\u0259 z\u0259d\u0259l\u0259nm\u0259si idar\u0259 olunan qur\u011fularda istifad\u0259 olunan s\u00f6nd\u00fcr\u00fcc\u00fcl\u0259r \u0259vv\u0259lkind\u0259n daha etibarl\u0131 v\u0259 daha ucuzdur, bu texnologiyalar bir \u00e7ox qur\u011fulara rahatl\u0131qla t\u0259tbiq edilm\u0259kd\u0259dir. N\u00f6vb\u0259ti vacib add\u0131m is\u0259 insanlar \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn y\u00fcks\u0259k seysmik performansl\u0131 bu c\u00fcr qur\u011fular\u0131 se\u00e7m\u0259k v\u0259 istifad\u0259 etm\u0259kdir. Z\u0259lz\u0259l\u0259 m\u00fch\u0259ndisliyinin v\u0259 m\u0259rk\u0259zimizin t\u0259dqiqat m\u0259qs\u0259di budur. Plastik deformasiya bu yeni qur\u011fularda istifad\u0259 olunan seysmik izolyasiya v\u0259 s\u00f6nd\u00fcr\u00fcc\u00fcl\u0259rind\u0259 ba\u015f ver\u0259 bil\u0259r. Bu x\u00fcsusiyy\u0259t say\u0259sind\u0259 tikilil\u0259ri xilas etm\u0259k v\u0259 b\u00f6y\u00fck z\u0259lz\u0259l\u0259l\u0259rd\u0259n sonra istifad\u0259sini saxlamaq m\u00fcmk\u00fcn olur.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Faktiki konstruktiv layih\u0259l\u0259ndirm\u0259 hesabatlar\u0131na g\u00f6r\u0259 z\u0259d\u0259l\u0259nm\u0259si idar\u0259 olunan kimi layih\u0259l\u0259ndiril\u0259n metal konstruksiya binalarda metal\u0131n \u00fcmumi \u00e7\u0259kisi 10%-20% aras\u0131nda azald\u0131la bil\u0259r. Bu azalma nisb\u0259ti, s\u00f6nd\u00fcr\u00fcc\u00fcl\u0259rin maliyy\u0259tini art\u0131qlamas\u0131 il\u0259 qar\u015f\u0131lay\u0131r. Seysmik izolyasiya edilmi\u015f binalarda is\u0259 k\u0259sm\u0259 seysmik q\u00fcvv\u0259l\u0259ri azald\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan, bina elementl\u0259rinin en k\u0259sikl\u0259ri m\u00fct\u0259nasib olaraq azalacaq. N\u0259tic\u0259d\u0259 bina \u00fcmumi maliyy\u0259tinin 5-10%-ni t\u0259\u015fkil ed\u0259n seysmik izolyasiyan\u0131n qoyulmas\u0131 x\u0259rci, bina en k\u0259sikl\u0259rinin azalmas\u0131 il\u0259 art\u0131qlamas\u0131 il\u0259 kompensasiya edilmi\u015f olur.<\/p>\n\n\n\n M\u0259rk\u0259zimizd\u0259 apar\u0131lan bu t\u0259dqiqatlar \u00e7\u0259r\u00e7iv\u0259sind\u0259, uzun periodlu g\u00fccl\u00fc z\u0259lz\u0259l\u0259 t\u0259sirl\u0259rin\u0259 qar\u015f\u0131 \u0259vv\u0259lki d\u00f6vrl\u0259rd\u0259 inki\u015faf etdirdiyimiz v\u0259 y\u00fcks\u0259k m\u0259rt\u0259b\u0259li binalara, atom reaktorlar\u0131na t\u0259tbiq etdiyimiz struktural seysmik izolyasiya metodunu haz\u0131rda q\u00fcll\u0259 tipli qur\u011fulara t\u0259tbiq etm\u0259kd\u0259yik. Bu t\u0259dqiqat, eyni zamanda \u0259n h\u00fcnd\u00fcr v\u0259 y\u00fcng\u00fcl qur\u011fular\u0131n layih\u0259l\u0259ndirilm\u0259si \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn u\u011furlu imkanlar yarad\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u2013 Az\u0259rbaycanda z\u0259lz\u0259l\u0259 riskin\u0259 qar\u015f\u0131 sizin t\u0259r\u0259finizd\u0259n innovativ h\u0259ll\u0259r t\u0259klif olunurmu?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n \u2013 \u018fvv\u0259lc\u0259, seysmik izolyasiya edilmi\u015f v\u0259 z\u0259d\u0259l\u0259nm\u0259si idar\u0259 olunan yeni qur\u011fulardan daha \u00e7ox istifad\u0259 etm\u0259liyik. Bu qur\u011fular, z\u0259lz\u0259l\u0259 zaman\u0131 binalar\u0131n v\u0259 infrastrukturun t\u0259hl\u00fck\u0259sizliyini art\u0131rma\u011fa k\u00f6m\u0259k ed\u0259c\u0259k v\u0259 tikilil\u0259rin z\u0259r\u0259r g\u00f6rm\u0259sinin qar\u015f\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 alacaq. Seysmik izolyasiya, tikilil\u0259rin z\u0259lz\u0259l\u0259 dal\u011falar\u0131na qar\u015f\u0131 daha dayan\u0131ql\u0131 olmas\u0131na imkan verir. Bu x\u00fcsusiyy\u0259t say\u0259sind\u0259 b\u00f6y\u00fck z\u0259lz\u0259l\u0259l\u0259rd\u0259n sonra insanlar\u0131n h\u0259yat\u0131n\u0131 qorumaqla b\u0259rab\u0259r, tikilil\u0259rin istifad\u0259sini saxlamaq m\u00fcmk\u00fcn olur.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Bir dig\u0259r vacib t\u0259klif is\u0259 y\u00fcks\u0259k t\u0259hl\u00fck\u0259sizlikli binalar\u0131n v\u0259 qur\u011fular\u0131n davran\u0131\u015f\u0131n\u0131 izl\u0259m\u0259k \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn bir Monitorinq M\u0259rk\u0259zinin yarad\u0131lmas\u0131d\u0131r. Bu layih\u0259 art\u0131q qrant qazanm\u0131\u015fd\u0131r v\u0259 bu ild\u0259n etibar\u0259n AzM\u0130U-nun Z\u0259lz\u0259l\u0259 M\u00fch\u0259ndisliyi Elmi-T\u0259dqiqat M\u0259rk\u0259zind\u0259 qurulacaqd\u0131r. Monitorinq Sistemi bina v\u0259 qur\u011fular\u0131n istismar\u0131 zaman\u0131 z\u0259lz\u0259l\u0259, f\u0131rt\u0131na, partlay\u0131\u015f, g\u00fccl\u00fc ya\u011f\u0131\u015flar v\u0259 eyni zamanda dig\u0259r fiziki-kimy\u0259vi xarici t\u0259sirl\u0259r n\u0259tic\u0259sind\u0259 ba\u015f ver\u0259n konstruktiv d\u0259yi\u015fiklikl\u0259ri m\u00fct\u0259madi izl\u0259m\u0259yi, t\u0259hlil etm\u0259yi v\u0259 \u00f6nl\u0259yici t\u0259dbirl\u0259r alma\u011f\u0131 t\u0259min etm\u0259kd\u0259dir. Bu yana\u015fma z\u0259lz\u0259l\u0259 v\u0259 di\u011f\u0259r xarici t\u0259sirl\u0259r\u0259 qar\u015f\u0131 haz\u0131rl\u0131ql\u0131 olma\u011fa v\u0259 z\u0259r\u0259rl\u0259rini minimuma endirm\u0259kd\u0259 k\u00f6m\u0259k ed\u0259c\u0259kdi. Bunu biraz ayd\u0131nla\u015fd\u0131rmaq ist\u0259rdim. AzM\u0130U-da bu ild\u0259n etibar\u0259n yarad\u0131lacaq Monitorinq M\u0259rk\u0259zimiz, strateji \u0259h\u0259miyy\u0259tli binalar\u0131n t\u0259hl\u00fck\u0259sizliyi v\u0259 dayan\u0131ql\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 t\u0259min etm\u0259k m\u0259qs\u0259dil\u0259 innovativ texnologiyalar t\u0259tbiq ed\u0259c\u0259k. M\u0259rk\u0259zimizd\u0259 apar\u0131lacaq i\u015fl\u0259r binalar\u0131n reaksiyalar\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6l\u00e7m\u0259k, layih\u0259d\u0259ki v\u0259ziyy\u0259t\u0259 uy\u011funlu\u011funu m\u00fc\u0259yy\u0259n etm\u0259k v\u0259 bu v\u0259ziyy\u0259ti h\u0259r zaman izl\u0259m\u0259k \u00fcz\u0259rind\u0259 qurulacaq. 7\/24 monitorinq sistemimiz vasit\u0259sil\u0259 binan\u0131n davran\u0131\u015f\u0131nda h\u0259r hans\u0131 bir d\u0259yi\u015fiklik \u2013 layih\u0259d\u0259ki v\u0259ziyy\u0259tin\u0259 uy\u011funsuzluq m\u00fc\u015fahid\u0259 edildikd\u0259 bina sahibin\u0259 d\u0259rhal x\u0259b\u0259rdarl\u0131q edil\u0259c\u0259k. D\u0259yi\u015fiklikl\u0259rin yaranma s\u0259b\u0259bl\u0259ri v\u0259 onlar\u0131n nec\u0259 aradan qald\u0131r\u0131laca\u011f\u0131 bar\u0259d\u0259 laz\u0131m g\u0259l\u0259rs\u0259, quruma t\u0259klifl\u0259r t\u0259qdim olunacaq. \u0130nan\u0131r\u0131q ki, bu layih\u0259 \u00f6lk\u0259mizin elmi-t\u0259dqiqat potensial\u0131n\u0131n ve t\u0259hsilin keyfiyy\u0259tinin y\u00fcks\u0259ldilm\u0259sin\u0259, el\u0259c\u0259 d\u0259 bina v\u0259 qur\u011fular\u0131n istismar\u0131n\u0131n t\u0259hl\u00fck\u0259sizliyin\u0259 v\u0259 istismar m\u00fcdd\u0259tinin art\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131na xidm\u0259t ed\u0259c\u0259. F\u00fcrs\u0259td\u0259n istifad\u0259 ed\u0259r\u0259k deyim ki, bu i\u015fl\u0259rin h\u0259yata ke\u00e7irilm\u0259sind\u0259 universitetimizin rektoru professor G\u00fcl\u00e7\u00f6hr\u0259 M\u0259mm\u0259dovan\u0131n rolu b\u00f6y\u00fckd\u00fcr.<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u2013 Siz bir \u00e7ox beyn\u0259lxalq layih\u0259l\u0259r v\u0259 elmi ara\u015fd\u0131rmalarda i\u015ftirak etmisiniz. Bu t\u0259cr\u00fcb\u0259l\u0259r Az\u0259rbaycan \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn hans\u0131 praktiki d\u0259y\u0259ri g\u0259tirib?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n \u2013 \u00d6nc\u0259ki sual\u0131n\u0131zda b\u0259hs etdiyim m\u0259rk\u0259zimizd\u0259 apar\u0131lan t\u0259dqiqatlar, Az\u0259rbaycanda z\u0259lz\u0259l\u0259 riskin\u0259 qar\u015f\u0131 t\u0259klif etdiyimiz innovativ metodlar h\u0259r biri i\u015ftirak etdiyim beyn\u0259lxalq layih\u0259l\u0259r v\u0259 t\u0259cr\u00fcb\u0259l\u0259rin m\u0259hsuludur. M\u0259nim beyn\u0259lxalq layih\u0259l\u0259rd\u0259 v\u0259 elmi ara\u015fd\u0131rmalarda i\u015ftirak\u0131m, \u0259sas\u0259n \u00fc\u00e7 m\u00fch\u00fcm sah\u0259d\u0259 \u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fc g\u00f6st\u0259rir: Beyn\u0259lxalq t\u0259r\u0259fda\u015fl\u0131q layih\u0259l\u0259ri \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn z\u0259min yaradacaq t\u0259dqiqat m\u0259rk\u0259zinin yarad\u0131lmas\u0131; T\u0259dqiqat infrastrukturunun m\u00fcasir metodlar \u0259sas\u0131nda inki\u015faf\u0131; T\u0259dqiqat n\u0259tic\u0259l\u0259rinin beyn\u0259lxalq konfranslarda, elmi m\u0259tbuatda i\u015f\u0131qland\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131, t\u0259bli\u011f edilm\u0259si, n\u0259\u015fr edilm\u0259si.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Birincisi m\u0259nim i\u015ftirak etdiyim beyn\u0259lxalq layih\u0259l\u0259r, x\u00fcsusil\u0259 seysmik izolyasiya v\u0259 z\u0259d\u0259l\u0259nm\u0259si idar\u0259 olunan qur\u011fular, el\u0259c\u0259 d\u0259 performans \u0259sasl\u0131 seysmik layih\u0259l\u0259ndirm\u0259 sah\u0259sind\u0259 qazand\u0131\u011f\u0131m t\u0259cr\u00fcb\u0259l\u0259r, Az\u0259rbaycanda z\u0259lz\u0259l\u0259 riskinin azald\u0131lmas\u0131 istiqam\u0259tind\u0259 innovativ metodlar\u0131n t\u0259tbiqin\u0259 imkan yaratm\u0131\u015fd\u0131r. Bu t\u0259cr\u00fcb\u0259l\u0259r AzM\u0130U-nun doktorantlar\u0131 v\u0259 t\u0259l\u0259b\u0259l\u0259rin\u0259 t\u0259dris v\u0259 t\u0259dqiqat materiallar\u0131 kimi t\u0259qdim edilib. Kanada v\u0259 \u0130sve\u00e7r\u0259 il\u0259 apar\u0131lan ortaq layih\u0259m T\u00fcrkiy\u0259nin OnDokuz May\u0131s Universitetinin \u0130n\u015faat m\u00fch\u0259ndisliyi b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcnd\u0259, 2002-ci ild\u0259 qurdu\u011fumuz Qur\u011fular\u0131n T\u0259xribat\u0131z D\u0259y\u0259rl\u0259ndirilm\u0259si Laboratoriyas\u0131 v\u0259 n\u0259zdind\u0259ki Mobil Qur\u011fu Monitorinq Sisteminin elmi n\u0259tic\u0259l\u0259ri, haz\u0131rlanan kadr potensial\u0131 il\u0259 inki\u015faf etdiril\u0259r\u0259k yeni seysmik norma v\u0259 t\u0259cr\u00fcb\u0259l\u0259r, x\u00fcsusil\u0259 T\u00fcrkiy\u0259nin 2019-cu ild\u0259 q\u0259bul etdiyi z\u0259lz\u0259l\u0259 normativl\u0259rinin t\u0259tbiqin\u0259 m\u00fch\u00fcm t\u0259sir g\u00f6st\u0259rib. Bel\u0259likl\u0259, y\u00fcks\u0259k t\u0259hl\u00fck\u0259sizlikli qur\u011fular\u0131n v\u0259 binalar\u0131n monitorinqinin m\u0259cburi hala g\u0259lm\u0259sin\u0259 s\u0259b\u0259b olub. Biz bu m\u00fcasir yana\u015fmalar\u0131 Az\u0259rbaycan m\u00fchitin\u0259 d\u0259 inteqrasiya ed\u0259c\u0259yik.<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u0130kincisi, g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczd\u0259 b\u00fct\u00fcn m\u00fch\u0259ndislik qur\u011fular\u0131n\u0131n modell\u0259nm\u0259si, layih\u0259l\u0259ndirilm\u0259si, t\u0259limi, t\u0259drisi v\u0259 \u0259d\u0259di simulyasiyas\u0131nda t\u0259tbiq olunan Sonlu Elementl\u0259r Metodu (SEM) f\u0259nnind\u0259n b\u0259hs etm\u0259k ist\u0259rdim. 1995-ci ild\u0259n OnDokuz May\u0131s Universiteti v\u0259 dig\u0259r universitetl\u0259rd\u0259 t\u0259drisini verdiyim, proqram t\u0259minatlar\u0131n\u0131 haz\u0131rlad\u0131\u011f\u0131m v\u0259 t\u00fcrk dilind\u0259 ilk d\u0259rsliyini yazd\u0131\u011f\u0131m bu f\u0259nn b\u00fct\u00fcn universitetl\u0259rin m\u00fch\u0259ndislik ixtisaslar\u0131nda vacib yer tutmu\u015f v\u0259 d\u0259rs v\u0259saiti kimi 3 d\u0259f\u0259 \u00e7ap olunub. Bu t\u0259dris v\u0259saiti m\u00fc\u0259llim, t\u0259l\u0259b\u0259, m\u00fch\u0259ndis, t\u0259dqiqat\u00e7\u0131 v\u0259 aspirantlar\u0131n SEM modell\u0259m\u0259l\u0259rini etm\u0259y\u0259 b\u00f6y\u00fck f\u00fcrs\u0259t yarad\u0131b.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Bu kitab v\u0259 \u0259lav\u0259sind\u0259ki proqram t\u0259minatlar\u0131, h\u0259m\u00e7inin Az\u0259rbaycan dilin\u0259 d\u0259 t\u0259rc\u00fcm\u0259 olunub. ZMETM n\u0259zdind\u0259 qurdu\u011fumuz Sonlu Elementl\u0259r Metodu \u0259sas\u0131nda Qur\u011fular\u0131n Modell\u0259nm\u0259si v\u0259 Analizi Laboratoriyas\u0131n\u0131n t\u0259rkib hiss\u0259sini t\u0259\u015fkil edib. AzM\u0130U-nun \u0130n\u015faat fak\u00fclt\u0259sind\u0259 2022-ci ild\u0259n etibar\u0259n \u0130n\u015faat m\u00fch\u0259ndisliyinin informasiya texnologiyalar\u0131 d\u0259rsi alt\u0131nda t\u0259dris etdiyim SEM f\u0259nni, ad\u0131n\u0131 \u00e7\u0259kdiyim laboratoriyada interaktiv olarak ke\u00e7irilir. Qur\u011fular\u0131n analizi v\u0259 layih\u0259l\u0259ndirilm\u0259si istiqam\u0259tind\u0259 t\u0259dris etdiyim \u0130n\u015faat Mexanikas\u0131, Qur\u011fular Dinamikas\u0131, Z\u0259lz\u0259l\u0259 M\u00fch\u0259ndisliyi f\u0259nl\u0259ri d\u0259 Sonlu Elementl\u0259r Metodu \u0259sas\u0131nda bu laboratoriyada interaktiv olaraq t\u0259dris olunur. Bu m\u00f6vzuda \u0259laq\u0259li kitablar\u0131m da az\u0259rbaycan dilin\u0259 t\u0259rc\u00fcm\u0259 edilib. Bunlar\u0131n paralelind\u0259 xaricd\u0259 yay\u0131nlanm\u0131\u015f dig\u0259r kitablar\u0131m da oxucular\u0131n istifad\u0259si \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn AzM\u0130U, yerli v\u0259 xarici kitabxanalara verilib. Bu n\u0259\u015frl\u0259rd\u0259n olan \u201cEarthquake Resistant Design, Protection and Performance Assessment in Earthquake Engineering\u201d v\u0259 \u201cSeismic Isolation, Structural Health Monitoring, and Performance Based Seismic Design in Earthquake Engineering: Recent Developments \u201d adl\u0131 kitablar\u0131m z\u0259lz\u0259l\u0259 m\u00fch\u0259ndisliyi \u00fczr\u0259 m\u00fcasir yana\u015fmalar\u0131 t\u0259qdim edir. \u201cStructural Design and Analysis: Based on FEM with SAP2000\u201d kitab\u0131 is\u0259 SAP2000 proqram t\u0259minat\u0131 \u0259sas\u0131nda qur\u011fular\u0131n sonlu elementl\u0259r metodu il\u0259 analizini v\u0259 layih\u0259l\u0259ndirilm\u0259sini izah edir. \u201cDifferential Equations in Engineering: Based on FEM with Matlab\u201d kitab\u0131m is\u0259 m\u00fch\u0259ndislikd\u0259 diferensial t\u0259nlikl\u0259rin sonlu elementl\u0259r metodu \u0259sas\u0131nda h\u0259ll\u0259rinin Matlab proqram t\u0259minat\u0131 il\u0259 t\u0259tbiql\u0259rin\u0259 h\u0259sr olunub. \u00dc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fcs\u00fc, AzM\u0130U-da i\u015f\u0259 ba\u015flad\u0131\u011f\u0131m t\u0259xmin\u0259n iki il \u0259rzind\u0259 7-d\u0259n \u00e7ox beyn\u0259lxalq elmi konfransda s\u0259dr, elm v\u0259 t\u0259\u015fkilat komit\u0259sinin \u00fczv\u00fc, sessiya s\u0259dri, el\u0259c\u0259 d\u0259 d\u0259v\u0259tli m\u0259ruz\u0259\u00e7i oldu\u011fum m\u00f6t\u0259b\u0259r t\u0259dbirl\u0259rd\u0259 doktorant v\u0259 t\u0259l\u0259b\u0259l\u0259riml\u0259 i\u015ftirak etmi\u015f\u0259m.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Onlar aras\u0131nda AzM\u0130U t\u0259r\u0259find\u0259n t\u0259\u015fkil edil\u0259n v\u0259 d\u00fcnyan\u0131n m\u00fcxt\u0259lif \u00f6lk\u0259l\u0259rind\u0259n i\u015ftirak\u00e7\u0131lar\u0131 c\u0259lb ed\u0259n beyn\u0259lxalq konfranslar da var.<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u2013 X\u00fcsusil\u0259, 2023-c\u00fc ild\u0259 Bak\u0131da ke\u00e7iril\u0259n \u201cSeysmik Dayan\u0131ql\u0131 M\u00fcasir Qur\u011fular\u201d (AERS-2023) \u2026 <\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n \u2013 B\u0259li, AzM\u0130U-nun t\u0259\u015fkilat\u00e7\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 il\u0259 \u201cSeysmik Dayan\u0131ql\u0131 M\u00fcasir Qur\u011fular\u201d (AERS-2023) adl\u0131 Beyn\u0259lxalq Konqres buna yax\u015f\u0131 n\u00fcmun\u0259 ola bil\u0259r. Konqres z\u0259lz\u0259l\u0259 m\u00fch\u0259ndisliyinin \u0259sas h\u0259d\u0259fl\u0259ri istiqam\u0259tind\u0259 apar\u0131lan t\u0259dqiqatlar haqq\u0131nda h\u0259rt\u0259r\u0259fli t\u0259s\u0259vv\u00fcr\u00fcn \u0259ld\u0259 olunmas\u0131, qur\u011fular\u0131n seysmik h\u0259ssasl\u0131q d\u0259r\u0259c\u0259sinin azald\u0131lmas\u0131, m\u00f6vcud in\u015faat norma v\u0259 qaydalar\u0131nda z\u0259lz\u0259l\u0259 m\u00fch\u0259ndisliyinin \u0259sas h\u0259d\u0259fl\u0259rind\u0259n olan \u00fc\u00e7 dizayn amilinin h\u0259r birin\u0259 diqq\u0259tin art\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131, g\u0259l\u0259c\u0259k z\u0259lz\u0259l\u0259l\u0259rin t\u0259sirinin qar\u015f\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n al\u0131nmas\u0131nda m\u00fcasir yeni qur\u011fu sisteml\u0259rind\u0259n istifad\u0259y\u0259 diqq\u0259t \u00e7\u0259kib. Az\u0259rbaycan\u0131n elm adamlar\u0131, istehsalat n\u00fcmay\u0259nd\u0259l\u0259ri il\u0259 yana\u015f\u0131, T\u00fcrkiy\u0259, Amerika Birl\u0259\u015fmi\u015f \u015etatlar\u0131, Yaponiya, Kanada, \u0130taliya, B\u00f6y\u00fck Britaniya, Birl\u0259\u015fmi\u015f \u018fr\u0259b \u018fmirlikl\u0259ri, Portuqaliya, Hindistan, Yunan\u0131stan v\u0259 dig\u0259r \u00f6lk\u0259l\u0259rd\u0259n n\u00fcfuzlu aliml\u0259ri v\u0259 t\u0259dqiqat\u00e7\u0131lar\u0131 \u0259traf\u0131nda birl\u0259\u015fdirib. Bu v\u0259 dig\u0259r beyn\u0259lxalq t\u0259dbirl\u0259r n\u0259tic\u0259sind\u0259 Az\u0259rbaycan elmi m\u0259rk\u0259zl\u0259ri il\u0259 d\u00fcnya elmi c\u0259miyy\u0259tl\u0259ri aras\u0131nda \u0259m\u0259kda\u015fl\u0131q \u0259laq\u0259l\u0259ri g\u00fccl\u0259nib. \u018fm\u0259kda\u015fl\u0131\u011f\u0131n u\u011furlu t\u0259r\u0259fi olaraq m\u00fcxt\u0259lif \u00f6lk\u0259l\u0259rin z\u0259lz\u0259l\u0259 ara\u015fd\u0131rma m\u0259rk\u0259zl\u0259ri il\u0259 m\u00fcqavil\u0259l\u0259r v\u0259 t\u0259cr\u00fcb\u0259 m\u00fcbadil\u0259si t\u0259min olunub. \u2013 Z\u0259lz\u0259l\u0259d\u0259n sonra binalar\u0131n dayan\u0131ql\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 qiym\u0259tl\u0259ndirm\u0259k v\u0259 t\u0259hl\u00fck\u0259sizliyi t\u0259min etm\u0259k istiqam\u0259tind\u0259 proses nec\u0259 h\u0259yata ke\u00e7irilm\u0259lidir? Universitetin bu sah\u0259d\u0259 icra etdiyi layih\u0259l\u0259rd\u0259n misal g\u0259tirm\u0259yinizi ist\u0259rdik\u2026<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n \u2013 H\u0259r z\u0259lz\u0259l\u0259d\u0259n sonra y\u00fcks\u0259k t\u0259hl\u00fck\u0259sizlikli bina v\u0259 qur\u011fular\u0131n davran\u0131\u015f s\u0259rh\u0259ddini a\u015fma durumu yoxlan\u0131lmal\u0131 v\u0259 h\u0259dd a\u015f\u0131larsa v\u0259ziyy\u0259t sahibin\u0259 bildirilm\u0259lidir. A\u015fma s\u0259b\u0259bi ara\u015fd\u0131r\u0131lmal\u0131 v\u0259 t\u0259miri z\u0259ruri olduqda t\u0259mir layih\u0259si haz\u0131rlanaraq sahibin\u0259 t\u0259qdim edilm\u0259lidir. Bizim monitorinq m\u0259qs\u0259dinin \u0259sas\u0131nda bu durur. Z\u0259lz\u0259l\u0259d\u0259n sonra Monitorinq M\u0259rk\u0259zin\u0259 ba\u011fl\u0131 y\u00fcks\u0259k t\u0259hl\u00fck\u0259sizlikli bina v\u0259 qur\u011fular\u0131n davran\u0131\u015f s\u0259rh\u0259ddini a\u015fma durumu yoxlan\u0131l\u0131r, a\u015fanlar\u0131n v\u0259ziyy\u0259ti sahibin\u0259 bildirilir. Onun icaz\u0259si il\u0259 a\u015fma s\u0259b\u0259bi ara\u015fd\u0131r\u0131l\u0131r, t\u0259miri z\u0259ruri olduqda t\u0259mir layih\u0259si haz\u0131rlanaraq sahibin\u0259 verilir. Dig\u0259r bina v\u0259 qur\u011fular is\u0259 ba\u011fl\u0131 oldu\u011fu t\u0259\u015fkilatlar t\u0259r\u0259find\u0259n v\u0259ziyy\u0259ti inc\u0259l\u0259n\u0259r\u0259k binan\u0131n istifad\u0259sini \u0259ng\u0259ll\u0259y\u0259c\u0259k hallar m\u00f6vcud olduqda aradan qald\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn layih\u0259 haz\u0131rlanaraq t\u0259qdim olunur.<\/p>\n\n\n\n ZMETM t\u0259r\u0259find\u0259n inc\u0259l\u0259nm\u0259si ist\u0259n\u0259rs\u0259, m\u0259rk\u0259zimizd\u0259 m\u00f6vcud mobil monitorinq sistemi, tarama al\u0259tl\u0259ri v\u0259 dig\u0259r avadanl\u0131qlar\u0131m\u0131zla \u0259laq\u0259li qur\u011fu m\u0259lumatlar\u0131 al\u0131n\u0131r v\u0259 v\u0259ziyy\u0259ti laz\u0131m olduqda t\u0259mir layih\u0259si il\u0259 birlikd\u0259 sahibin\u0259 t\u0259qdim edilir. Bina v\u0259 qur\u011fular\u0131n n\u00f6vb\u0259ti ild\u0259 s\u0131\u011forta qiym\u0259tl\u0259ri \u0259vv\u0259lki ilin sonu bina davran\u0131\u015f hesabat\u0131 n\u0259tic\u0259l\u0259rin\u0259 \u0259sas\u0259n qiym\u0259tl\u0259ndirilir. \u0130nki\u015faf etmi\u015f \u00f6lk\u0259l\u0259rd\u0259 strateji \u0259h\u0259miyy\u0259tli binalar\u0131n monitorinqi x\u00fcsusi qaydalarla t\u0259nziml\u0259nir v\u0259 in\u015faat normalar\u0131nda yer al\u0131r. Bu \u00f6lk\u0259l\u0259rd\u0259 b\u0259hs edilen binalara monitorinq al\u0259tl\u0259ri qoyularaq monitorinq m\u0259rk\u0259zin\u0259 birl\u0259\u015fdirilm\u0259si m\u00fctl\u0259q m\u0259cburidir, \u0259ks halda binan\u0131n istismar\u0131na, istifad\u0259sin\u0259 icaz\u0259 verilmir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Biz d\u0259 Az\u0259rbaycanda bu prosesi h\u0259yata ke\u00e7irm\u0259k \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131r\u0131q. M\u0259qs\u0259dimiz he\u00e7 kimi m\u0259cbur etm\u0259d\u0259n bunun faydal\u0131 oldu\u011funu g\u00f6st\u0259rm\u0259kdir. Maraqlanan qurumlara k\u00f6m\u0259k ed\u0259r\u0259k bu i\u015fin davam etdirilm\u0259sin\u0259 d\u0259st\u0259k veririk.<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u2013 Bu sah\u0259d\u0259 ixtisasla\u015fmaq ist\u0259y\u0259n g\u0259nc m\u00fch\u0259ndisl\u0259r\u0259 n\u0259 t\u00f6vsiy\u0259 ed\u0259rdiniz? Onlara z\u0259lz\u0259l\u0259 m\u00fch\u0259ndisliyi sah\u0259sind\u0259 u\u011fur qazanmaq \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn hans\u0131 bilik v\u0259 bacar\u0131qlar laz\u0131md\u0131r?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n \u2013 Z\u0259lz\u0259l\u0259 m\u00fch\u0259ndisliyind\u0259 ixtisasla\u015fmaq ist\u0259y\u0259n g\u0259nc m\u00fch\u0259ndisl\u0259r\u0259 t\u00f6vsiy\u0259m, qabaqc\u0131l \u00f6lk\u0259l\u0259rin bu sah\u0259d\u0259ki normalar\u0131n\u0131 izl\u0259sin, x\u00fcsusil\u0259 h\u0259r 5 ild\u0259n bir bu normalar\u0131 t\u0259cr\u00fcb\u0259l\u0259r\u0259 \u0259saslanaraq yenil\u0259y\u0259n \u00f6lk\u0259l\u0259rd\u0259n \u0259n az birinin normas\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6z \u00f6lk\u0259l\u0259rin\u0259 paralel \u015f\u0259kild\u0259 t\u0259tbiq etsinl\u0259r. G\u0259nc m\u00fct\u0259x\u0259ssisl\u0259r eyni zamanda h\u0259r \u0259h\u0259miyy\u0259tli z\u0259lz\u0259l\u0259d\u0259n sonra \u0259laq\u0259li hesabatlar\u0131 d\u0259y\u0259rl\u0259ndirsin, m\u00f6vcud qaynaqlar\u0131 izl\u0259sin v\u0259 real qur\u011fu davran\u0131\u015f\u0131 testl\u0259rini v\u0259 monitorinql\u0259ri diqq\u0259tl\u0259 ara\u015fd\u0131rs\u0131nlar. Bu add\u0131mlar\u0131n z\u0259lz\u0259l\u0259 m\u00fch\u0259ndisliyind\u0259 u\u011fur qazanmaq \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn minimum ehtiyac oldu\u011funu d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcr\u0259m.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Sah\u0259mizd\u0259 u\u011fur qazanmaq \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn t\u0259l\u0259b olunan \u0259sas bilik v\u0259 bacar\u0131qlar aras\u0131nda seysmik izolyasiya, z\u0259lz\u0259l\u0259 zaman\u0131 qur\u011fular\u0131n davran\u0131\u015f\u0131n\u0131n t\u0259hlili v\u0259 m\u00fcasir in\u015faat metodlar\u0131n\u0131n t\u0259tbiqi yer al\u0131r. G\u0259nc m\u00fch\u0259ndisl\u0259r bu sah\u0259d\u0259 inki\u015faf ed\u0259n texnologiyalar\u0131 v\u0259 metodlar\u0131 \u00f6yr\u0259nm\u0259li, qabaqc\u0131l \u00f6lk\u0259l\u0259rin t\u0259cr\u00fcb\u0259l\u0259rini \u00f6z \u00f6lk\u0259l\u0259rin\u0259 t\u0259tbiq etm\u0259lidirl\u0259r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u2013 Az\u0259r M\u00fc\u0259llim, \u0259lav\u0259 fikirl\u0259riniz varsa m\u00fcsahib\u0259nin sonunda sizin bu fikirl\u0259rinizi d\u0259 dinl\u0259m\u0259k maraql\u0131 olard\u0131\u2026<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n \u2013 Elmin v\u0259 m\u00fch\u0259ndisliyin m\u00fcxt\u0259lif sah\u0259l\u0259rind\u0259 oldu\u011fu kimi, tikinti v\u0259 infrastruktur sah\u0259sind\u0259 d\u0259 m\u00fcxt\u0259lif regionlarda t\u0259zadl\u0131 yana\u015fmalar v\u0259 praktikalara rast g\u0259linir. Bu f\u0259rqlilikl\u0259r h\u0259m t\u0259bii hadis\u0259l\u0259rin t\u0259siri, h\u0259m d\u0259 yerli infrastruktur, texnologiya v\u0259 m\u0259d\u0259niyy\u0259t f\u0259rqlilikl\u0259rind\u0259n ir\u0259li g\u0259lir. M\u0259s\u0259l\u0259n, y\u00fcks\u0259k m\u0259rt\u0259b\u0259li binalar\u0131n in\u015fas\u0131 v\u0259 onlar\u0131n seysmik davran\u0131\u015f\u0131 il\u0259 ba\u011fl\u0131 d\u00fcnya miqyas\u0131nda t\u0259tbiq olunan m\u00fcxt\u0259lif yana\u015fmalar m\u00f6vcuddur. AB\u015e-d\u0259 z\u0259lz\u0259l\u0259 b\u00f6lg\u0259l\u0259rind\u0259 x\u0259st\u0259xana v\u0259 m\u0259kt\u0259b binalar\u0131nda seysmik izolyasiya m\u0259cburi, \u00e7ox m\u0259rt\u0259b\u0259li binalarda t\u0259tbiqi is\u0259 layih\u0259\u00e7inin s\u0259r\u0259ncam\u0131ndad\u0131r. Z\u0259lz\u0259l\u0259 q\u0131r\u0131lma x\u0259tl\u0259rind\u0259n uzaq \u0259razil\u0259rd\u0259 is\u0259 h\u00fcnd\u00fcr (50 v\u0259 \u00fcz\u0259ri) m\u0259rt\u0259b\u0259li binalar ad\u0259t\u0259n seysmik izolyatorlardan istifad\u0259 edilm\u0259d\u0259n n\u00fcv\u0259 membran divarl\u0131 olaraq in\u015fa edilir. Yaponiyada is\u0259 b\u00fct\u00fcn \u00f6lk\u0259 \u0259razisind\u0259 z\u0259lz\u0259l\u0259l\u0259rin daha intensiv ba\u015f verm\u0259si s\u0259b\u0259bind\u0259n h\u00fcnd\u00fcr (60 v\u0259 \u00fcz\u0259ri) m\u0259rt\u0259b\u0259li binalar\u0131n in\u015fas\u0131nda seysmik izolyasiya texnologiyalar\u0131n\u0131n geni\u015f t\u0259tbiqi \u00f6n\u0259 \u00e7\u0131x\u0131r. Bu yana\u015fmalar, h\u0259m\u00e7inin h\u0259r iki \u00f6lk\u0259nin m\u00fch\u0259ndislik v\u0259 tikinti sah\u0259sind\u0259ki t\u0259cr\u00fcb\u0259l\u0259rinin f\u0259rqli m\u0259nz\u0259r\u0259sini ortaya qoyur.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Z\u0259lz\u0259l\u0259l\u0259rin t\u0259siri v\u0259 bina davran\u0131\u015f\u0131 m\u00fcxt\u0259lif co\u011frafi b\u00f6lg\u0259l\u0259rd\u0259 f\u0259rqlilikl\u0259r g\u00f6st\u0259rir. Meksika \u015f\u0259h\u0259rind\u0259ki 1985-ci il z\u0259lz\u0259l\u0259sinin t\u0259sirind\u0259n episentirden 350 km m\u0259saf\u0259d\u0259ki binalar\u0131n reaksiyas\u0131, \u0130ran-Pakistan s\u0259rh\u0259dind\u0259ki 2013-c\u00fc il z\u0259lz\u0259l\u0259sinin t\u0259sirind\u0259n episentirden 900 km m\u0259saf\u0259d\u0259ki binalar\u0131n reaksiyas\u0131 v\u0259 dig\u0259r b\u0259nz\u0259r hadis\u0259l\u0259r, \u00f6lk\u0259 daxilind\u0259ki binalar\u0131n layih\u0259l\u0259ndirilm\u0259sind\u0259 \u00f6lk\u0259nin xaricind\u0259ki ba\u015f ver\u0259 bil\u0259c\u0259k z\u0259lz\u0259l\u0259l\u0259rin x\u00fcsusiyy\u0259tl\u0259rinin n\u0259z\u0259r\u0259 al\u0131nmas\u0131n\u0131n vacibliyini ortaya qoymu\u015fdur.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Bundan \u0259lav\u0259, d\u0259mir-beton konstruksiyalar\u0131n \u00f6mr\u00fc haqq\u0131nda qeyd etm\u0259k olar ki, bu, yaln\u0131z konstruksiyan\u0131n material\u0131na deyil, h\u0259m d\u0259 onun istismar \u015f\u0259raitin\u0259 ba\u011fl\u0131d\u0131r. D\u0259mir-beton konstruksiyalar\u0131n\u0131n \u00fcmumi \u00f6mr\u00fc 50 il olaraq q\u0259bul edils\u0259 d\u0259, d\u00fczg\u00fcn istismar v\u0259 m\u00fct\u0259madi texniki xidm\u0259t n\u0259tic\u0259sind\u0259 bu \u00f6m\u00fcr 100-150 il\u0259 q\u0259d\u0259r uzana bil\u0259r. Fransan\u0131n paytaxt\u0131 Parisd\u0259 1903-c\u00fc ild\u0259 in\u015fa edilmi\u015f 8 m\u0259rt\u0259b\u0259li monolit d\u0259mir-beton bina h\u0259l\u0259 d\u0259 istifad\u0259 olunur. Bununla yana\u015f\u0131, Yaponiyada z\u0259lz\u0259l\u0259l\u0259rin daha y\u00fcks\u0259k intensivlikd\u0259 ba\u015f verm\u0259si s\u0259b\u0259bind\u0259n binalar\u0131n orta \u00f6mr\u00fc insanlar\u0131n orta \u00f6mr\u00fcnd\u0259n q\u0131sad\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n T\u0259bii ki, bel\u0259 n\u00fcmun\u0259l\u0259ri misal g\u0259tirm\u0259kl\u0259 bildirm\u0259k ist\u0259yir\u0259m ki, sah\u0259mizd\u0259 davaml\u0131 t\u0259dqiqatlar v\u0259 ara\u015fd\u0131rmalar aparmaq vacibdir. Bu n\u00fcmun\u0259l\u0259rd\u0259n \u00e7\u0131xar\u0131lacaq \u0259sas n\u0259tic\u0259 odur ki, qur\u011fular dinamikas\u0131-z\u0259lz\u0259l\u0259 m\u00fch\u0259ndisliyi sah\u0259sind\u0259ki davaml\u0131 t\u0259dqiqatlar v\u0259 inki\u015faflar g\u0259l\u0259c\u0259k n\u0259sill\u0259r \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn daha t\u0259hl\u00fck\u0259siz v\u0259 dayan\u0131ql\u0131 binalar\u0131n in\u015fas\u0131na \u015f\u0259rait yaradacaqd\u0131r. \u0130nnovativ texnologiyalar\u0131n t\u0259tbiqi binalar\u0131n uzunm\u00fcdd\u0259tli istismar\u0131n\u0131 t\u0259min ed\u0259c\u0259k v\u0259 t\u0259bii f\u0259lak\u0259tl\u0259r\u0259 qar\u015f\u0131 dayan\u0131ql\u0131 konstruksiyalar\u0131n inki\u015faf\u0131na t\u0259kan ver\u0259c\u0259kdir. Bu istiqam\u0259td\u0259 apar\u0131lacaq elmi ara\u015fd\u0131rmalar, tikinti m\u00fch\u0259ndisliyind\u0259 yeni yana\u015fmalar\u0131n t\u0259tbiqini v\u0259 m\u00f6vcud texnologiyalar\u0131n t\u0259kmill\u0259\u015fdirilm\u0259sini stimulla\u015fd\u0131racaqd\u0131r.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":" Z\u0259lz\u0259l\u0259l\u0259r t\u0259bi\u0259tin \u0259n g\u00fccl\u00fc v\u0259 da\u011f\u0131d\u0131c\u0131 hadis\u0259l\u0259rind\u0259n biridir. H\u0259r il d\u00fcnya miqyas\u0131nda ba\u015f ver\u0259n y\u00fczl\u0259rl\u0259 z\u0259lz\u0259l\u0259 minl\u0259rl\u0259 insan\u0131n h\u0259yat\u0131n\u0131 itirm\u0259sin\u0259, ya\u015fay\u0131\u015f binalar\u0131n\u0131n, m\u00fch\u00fcm infrastruktur obyektl\u0259rinin v\u0259 iqtisadiyyat\u0131n ciddi \u015f\u0259kild\u0259 z\u0259r\u0259r g\u00f6rm\u0259sin\u0259 s\u0259b\u0259b olur. X\u00fcsusil\u0259 2023-ci ild\u0259 T\u00fcrkiy\u0259d\u0259 ba\u015f ver\u0259n d\u0259h\u015f\u0259tli z\u0259lz\u0259l\u0259 bu reall\u0131\u011f\u0131 bir daha b\u00fct\u00fcn d\u00fcnyaya xat\u0131rlatd\u0131. Bu faci\u0259 n\u0259tic\u0259sind\u0259 minl\u0259rl\u0259 insan h\u0259yat\u0131n\u0131 itirdi, …<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":18122,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-18121","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-idman"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/millitv.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/18121","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/millitv.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/millitv.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/millitv.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/millitv.net\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=18121"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/millitv.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/18121\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":18123,"href":"https:\/\/millitv.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/18121\/revisions\/18123"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/millitv.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/18122"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/millitv.net\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=18121"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/millitv.net\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=18121"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/millitv.net\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=18121"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}![\"\"](\"https:\/\/cdn.medianews.az\/2025\/01\/1-23-375x250.jpg\" "\\"\\"")
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D\u00f6vrl\u0259rin\u0259 g\u00f6r\u0259 sadalad\u0131\u011f\u0131m bina konstruksiya n\u00f6vl\u0259ri z\u0259lz\u0259l\u0259 t\u0259siri zaman\u0131 davran\u0131\u015f x\u00fcsusiyy\u0259l\u0259ri-dayan\u0131ql\u0131l\u0131q v\u0259ziyy\u0259tl\u0259rini g\u00f6zl\u0259r \u00f6n\u00fcn\u0259 g\u0259tirir. Az\u0259rbaycan \u0259razisi aktiv Alp-Himalay qur\u015fa\u011f\u0131n\u0131n bir hiss\u0259si oldu\u011fundan burada vaxta\u015f\u0131r\u0131 g\u00fccl\u00fc v\u0259 da\u011f\u0131d\u0131c\u0131 z\u0259lz\u0259l\u0259l\u0259r (427, 1139, 1235, 1667, 1902, 1961, 1963, 1989, 2000, 2007, 2012 v\u0259 s. z\u0259lz\u0259l\u0259l\u0259r) ba\u015f verir. Respublika \u0259razisind\u0259 h\u0259r il ortalama 4000-\u0259 yax\u0131n z\u0259lz\u0259l\u0259 qeyd\u0259 al\u0131n\u0131r ki, onlar aras\u0131nda \u015fidd\u0259ti 3 baldan y\u00fcks\u0259k olan 20-25 z\u0259lz\u0259l\u0259 hiss olunur.<\/p>\n\n\n\n![\"\"](\"https:\/\/cdn.medianews.az\/2025\/01\/3-18-375x250.jpg\" "\\"\\"")
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N\u0259tic\u0259d\u0259, beyn\u0259lxalq layih\u0259l\u0259rd\u0259ki t\u0259cr\u00fcb\u0259l\u0259rim, Az\u0259rbaycan\u0131n m\u00fch\u0259ndislik v\u0259 elmi potensial\u0131n\u0131n inki\u015faf\u0131na, z\u0259lz\u0259l\u0259 riskinin azald\u0131lmas\u0131na, elmi t\u0259dqiqatlar\u0131n t\u0259kmill\u0259\u015fdirilm\u0259sin\u0259 v\u0259 beyn\u0259lxalq \u0259m\u0259kda\u015fl\u0131\u011f\u0131n g\u00fccl\u0259ndirilm\u0259sin\u0259 y\u00f6n\u0259lib.<\/p>\n\n\n\n